Parsley, a biennial herb with bright green, feather-like leaves, is a favorite among gardeners for its culinary versatility. There are two main types: flat-leaf, known for its robust flavor, and curly-leaf, often used for garnishing. While parsley thrives in full sun and well-draining soil, it can be challenging to grow due to its slow germination.
- Common Names: Curly-leaved Parsley, Italian Parsley, Garden Parsley
- Scientific Name: Petroselinum crispum
- Plant Type: Biennial herb in temperate climates
- Plant Height: 30 inches
- Growing Difficulty: Medium
- Growing Time: 70-90 days
- Bloom Time: Summer
- Temperature: 72–86 °F
- Hardiness Zone: 6-9 (Find your hardiness zone here)
- Sunlight: Full Sun
- Soil pH: 6.0-8.0
- Watering Frequency: Consistently moist soil
- Plant Spacing: 8-12 inches apart
Different Methods to Grow Parsley
Starting Seeds Indoors
Plant seeds in individual pots 6 to 8 weeks before the last spring frost date. This method provides a head start and allows for better control over growing conditions.
- Pros: Provides a head start, better control over growing conditions, and protection from early spring weather.
- Cons: Requires space and resources for indoor planting, and the delicate taproot makes transplanting challenging.
Sowing Seeds Directly in the Garden
Sow seeds 3 to 4 weeks before the last spring frost. This method is straightforward but requires careful attention to soil temperature and moisture.
- Pros: Simpler process, no need for transplanting, and less resource-intensive.
- Cons: Seeds may take longer to germinate, and young plants are more vulnerable to weather and pests.
Ideal Soil and Location Requirements
Parsley thrives in well-draining, nutrient-rich soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. It prefers full sun but can tolerate light shade. Consistently moist soil is essential, making regular watering crucial for optimal growth. Ideal temperatures range from 72–86 °F.
When to Plant Parsley
Plant parsley seeds indoors 6 to 8 weeks before the last spring frost or sow them outdoors 3 to 4 weeks before the last frost. Alternatively, plant seedlings after the spring frost or in midsummer. These timings ensure optimal growth conditions and help avoid frost damage.
Growing Parsley Outdoors
For growing parsley outdoors, the best method is to sow seeds directly in the garden. This approach is the easiest because it avoids the risk of damaging the delicate taproot during transplantation.
- Prepare the soil. Choose a location with well-draining, nutrient-rich soil. Ensure the soil pH is slightly acidic to neutral, around 6.0-7.0.
- Soak the seeds. Soak parsley seeds overnight in water to improve germination rates.
- Sow the seeds. Plant the seeds 1/4 inch deep in the soil. Space them 6 to 8 inches apart, or 8 to 10 inches for larger plants.
- Water regularly. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water gently to avoid washing away the seeds.
- Provide sunlight. Ensure the plants receive full sun, which means at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. Parsley can also tolerate partial shade.
- Thin the seedlings. Once the seedlings are a few inches tall, thin them out to maintain the recommended spacing. This ensures each plant has enough room to grow.
- Mulch the soil. Lightly mulch around the plants to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.
- Monitor growth. Keep an eye on the plants and ensure they are growing well. Adjust watering as needed, especially during hot weather.
- Harvest carefully. When the leaf stems have at least three segments, cut the outer leaves first, allowing the inner parts to continue growing.
Growing Parsley Indoors
Growing parsley indoors is entirely possible and can be quite successful with the right approach. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you grow parsley indoors.
- Choose a pot. Select a pot that is at least 8 inches deep with drainage holes at the bottom.
- Prepare the soil. Use well-draining potting soil rich in organic matter. Ensure the soil pH is around 6.0.
- Soak the seeds. Soak parsley seeds overnight in water to improve germination rates.
- Plant the seeds. Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep in the soil. Space them 6 to 8 inches apart.
- Water gently. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water gently to avoid washing away the seeds.
- Provide light. Place the pot in a sunny window where it can receive at least 6 hours of sunlight daily. Alternatively, use a grow light, keeping it at least two inches above the leaves.
- Maintain temperature. Ensure the indoor temperature is between 72–86 °F for optimal growth.
- Thin the seedlings. Once the seedlings are a few inches tall, thin them out to maintain the recommended spacing.
- Fertilize occasionally. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4-6 weeks to provide essential nutrients.
- Harvest carefully. When the leaf stems have at least three segments, cut the outer leaves first, allowing the inner parts to continue growing.
Plant radish seeds in the gaps between parsley seeds. The radishes will sprout and grow before the parsley appears, marking the row.
Caring for Parsley
- Watering: Keep your parsley plants well-watered, especially during the hot summer months. Consistent moisture is key to healthy growth, but be careful not to overwater and cause root rot.
- Mulching: Lightly mulch around your parsley plants to help conserve moisture and keep the soil cool. This also helps in suppressing weeds that compete for nutrients.
- Pest Control: Watch out for common pests like aphids, stem rot, and leaf spots. If you notice any, remove affected leaves and consider using natural pest control methods like neem oil or insecticidal soap.
- Harvesting: When the leaf stems have at least three segments, you can start harvesting. Cut the outer leaves first, allowing the inner parts to continue growing. This way, you can enjoy fresh parsley throughout the growing season.
- Fertilizing: Use a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4-6 weeks to provide essential nutrients. Organic options like compost or fish emulsion work well to keep your parsley thriving.
Common Challenges With Parsley
Parsley is a resilient plant that can be grown both indoors and outdoors, but it does come with its set of challenges. While it thrives in well-draining, nutrient-rich soil and can tolerate a range of temperatures, its slow germination rate can be a hurdle. Soaking the seeds overnight can help improve germination success. In my experience, starting parsley indoors before the last frost gives it a better chance to establish itself.
Common challenges when growing parsley include dealing with pests like aphids and leaf spots, as well as environmental stressors such as heat and dry soil. Parsley can also attract black swallowtail butterfly caterpillars, which can be both a blessing and a curse. Regular monitoring and proper care, like consistent watering and occasional fertilizing, can help mitigate these issues.
Safety of Parsley for Pets
Parsley is toxic to cats, dogs, and horses due to the presence of furanocoumarins, which can cause photosensitization if ingested in large amounts. If you suspect your pet has been poisoned, contact the ASPCA 24-hour hotline.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can parsley be grown in containers?
Yes, parsley can be successfully grown in containers. Choose a pot at least 8 inches deep with drainage holes. Use well-draining potting soil and place the container in a sunny spot or under a grow light for optimal growth.
How often should I water parsley?
Water parsley consistently to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. During hot summer months, more frequent watering may be necessary. Mulching can help retain moisture and reduce the need for frequent watering.
What should I do if my parsley starts to flower?
If parsley starts to flower, it is best to cut off the flower stalks to encourage more leaf growth. Flowering can signal the end of the plant's life cycle, so regular harvesting can help prolong its productivity.
Can I grow parsley indoors year-round?
Yes, parsley can be grown indoors year-round. Ensure it receives at least 6 hours of sunlight daily or use a grow light. Maintain indoor temperatures between 72–86 °F and keep the soil consistently moist for best results.
