Microgreens are young seedlings of vegetables and herbs, harvested when they are about 1-2 inches tall. They come in a variety of types, including kale, radish, and basil, each offering unique flavors and nutritional benefits. Growing microgreens is straightforward and suitable for beginners, making them an excellent choice for gardeners looking to add a fresh touch to their meals.
- Common Names: Mustard, Kale, Arugula
- Plant Type: Seedlings of edible greens
- Plant Height: 1-3 inches
- Growing Difficulty: Easy
- Growing Time: 1-2 weeks
- Bloom Time: Not applicable
- Temperature: Warmer than 60°F
- Sunlight: Full Sun
- Watering Frequency: Mist daily, keep soil moist
- Plant Spacing: Scatter seeds 1/8 to 1/4 inch apart
Different Methods to Grow Microgreens
Using a Flat Growing Tray
This method involves filling a flat tray with potting soil, scattering seeds evenly, and misting them daily. The tray is kept in a warm, dark place for germination and then moved to a well-lit area.
- Pros: Easily available and reusable.
- Cons: Risk of mold if not properly managed.
Using a Growing Mat
Place a growing mat in a tray, add water, and scatter seeds evenly. The tray is kept in a warm, dark place for germination and then moved to a well-lit area.
- Pros: Reduces the risk of mold.
- Cons: May be more expensive than using soil.
Planting in Containers
Fill a container with organic potting mix, scatter seeds, and cover with soil. Water with a spray bottle and place the container in a sunny spot.
- Pros: Can be done indoors or outdoors.
- Cons: Limited growing space.
Ideal Soil and Location Requirements
Microgreens thrive in a well-draining, organic potting mix or a peat-based medium. They require a sunny location, ideally a south-facing window, or grow lights providing 12-16 hours of light daily. Ensure good air circulation to prevent mold.
When to Plant Microgreens
Microgreens can be planted year-round, making them a versatile option for indoor gardening. They are typically grown indoors, so frost dates are not a concern. The best time to plant microgreens is anytime, as they thrive in controlled environments with consistent light and moisture.
Growing Microgreens Outdoors
Growing microgreens outdoors in a raised garden bed is the best method for home gardeners. This approach is straightforward and doesn't require complex equipment or extensive space.
- Prepare the Garden Bed. Use a seed starting mix, potting soil, or a mix of potting soil and peat moss. Loosen the soil and rake it smooth, leaving room to put a thin layer of soil on top after planting the seeds.
- Scatter Seed Mix. Scatter seeds about 1/8 inch to 1/4 inch apart across the surface of the soil.
- Cover Seeds and Water. Cover the seeds with about 1/8 inch of soil. Water gently with a spray bottle or mister to evenly moisten the soil.
- Maintain Moisture. Check the soil daily to ensure it remains moist. Mist the soil as needed to keep it from drying out.
- Provide Sunlight. Ensure the garden bed receives at least four hours of sunlight each day. If necessary, use a shade cloth to protect the microgreens from intense midday sun.
- Monitor Growth. Watch for the microgreens to sprout and grow. They should reach 1-3 inches tall within 10 days to two weeks.
- Harvest. When the microgreens are 1-3 inches tall and have their first set of true leaves, use scissors to snip them close to the soil surface.
Growing Microgreens Indoors
Microgreens can be easily grown indoors, making them a convenient option for home gardeners. Follow these steps to grow microgreens successfully:
- Prepare the Tray. Use a flat growing tray or shallow container and fill it with organic potting mix, leaving about half an inch from the top.
- Scatter Seeds. Evenly scatter the seeds across the surface of the soil, spacing them about 1/8 to 1/4 inch apart.
- Cover Seeds. Lightly cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil, approximately 1/8 inch deep.
- Water Gently. Use a spray bottle or mister to water the seeds gently, ensuring the soil is evenly moist but not waterlogged.
- Germinate in Darkness. Place the tray in a warm, dark place for 2-3 days to allow the seeds to germinate. You can stack trays and weigh them down to apply gentle pressure.
- Move to Light. Once the seeds have germinated, transfer the tray to a well-lit area, such as a sunny windowsill or under LED grow lights for 12-16 hours a day.
- Maintain Moisture. Check the soil daily and mist as needed to keep it moist. Water from the bottom by placing the tray in a shallow dish of water to avoid wetting the leaves.
- Harvest. When the microgreens are 1-3 inches tall and have their first set of true leaves, use scissors to snip them close to the soil surface.
Microgreens are different from bean sprouts. Sprouts are harvested earlier before true leaves begin to emerge, and they’re often grown without soil.
Caring for Microgreens
- Keep the Soil Moist: Microgreens need consistent moisture to thrive. Mist the soil daily to keep it moist but not waterlogged. Overwatering can lead to mold, so it's crucial to find the right balance.
- Ensure Adequate Light: Place your microgreens in a well-lit area where they can receive at least four hours of sunlight daily. If natural light is insufficient, consider using grow lights for 12-16 hours a day to ensure healthy growth.
- Watch for Pests: Although microgreens are rarely troubled by pests due to their short growth period, it's still important to keep an eye out. If you notice any pests like cabbage worms, use a floating row cover to protect your plants.
- Harvest at the Right Time: Microgreens are ready to harvest when they are about 1-3 inches tall and have their first set of true leaves. Use scissors to snip them close to the soil surface. Enjoy them fresh or store them in the refrigerator for up to five days.
- Fertilize if Needed: If you're growing microgreens in containers, mix a bit of granular fertilizer into the potting mix before planting. This will provide the necessary nutrients for healthy growth.
Common Challenges With Microgreens
Microgreens are incredibly easy to grow, even for those without a green thumb. They require minimal space and can thrive on a sunny windowsill. The process is straightforward, making it a fun project for beginners and children alike. In my experience, the quick growth and minimal equipment needed make microgreens a perfect introduction to gardening.
However, growing microgreens does come with its challenges. The most common issue is mold, which can appear due to high humidity. Ensuring proper air circulation can help mitigate this problem. Another challenge is maintaining consistent moisture levels; too much water can lead to damping off, a soil-borne fungal disease. Despite these hurdles, with a bit of attention, microgreens can be a rewarding and resilient addition to your home garden.
Safety of Microgreens for Pets
Microgreens are generally safe for cats, dogs, and other pets. However, if you suspect your pet has ingested something toxic, contact the ASPCA 24-hour hotline immediately for assistance.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long do microgreens take to grow?
Microgreens typically take 1-2 weeks to grow, depending on the type of seeds used. They are ready to harvest when they reach 1-3 inches in height and have their first set of true leaves.
Can microgreens be grown without soil?
Yes, microgreens can be grown using alternative mediums like coconut coir or growing mats. These options reduce the risk of mold and are often more convenient for indoor gardening.
What are the best types of microgreens for beginners?
For beginners, kale, mustard greens, and radishes are excellent choices. These varieties are easy to grow and offer a range of flavors and nutritional benefits.
How should microgreens be watered?
Microgreens should be misted daily to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Watering from the bottom by placing the tray in a shallow dish of water can help avoid wetting the leaves and reduce the risk of mold.
